satyaM brooyaat priyaM brooyaat- SPEAK THE TRUTH. SPEAK PLEASANT.

Speak the truth. Speak pleasant. Truth may not be uttered if it causes unpleasantness.
This is from MANU. ETHICS LAID DOWN. ( Tirukkural is on similar lines .)
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SATYAM IS GENERALLY UNDERSTOOD AS TRUTH, a statement of fact. But it is difficult to get at the fact.

Your memory may fail and put up a statement which is not the fact. A case of uttering unconscious untruth.

Your imagination may cook up information and believe you have the fact right. A cooked up untruth though not intentional.

Your observation, your comprehension and conclusion could be all wrong. Untruth born of your ignorance.

Then there is ARDHASATYA, an half -truth as uttered by DHARMARAYA .( Ashwatthaama episode.) Thie is purposeful untruth.

Tainted truth, twisted truth etc all are same class as ardhasatya.

An untruth is outwardly manifest and will be against your character. But every untruth is recorded and this will decide your future lives. THE MODERN DAY LIE-DETECTOR only proves that such a recording system exists. Speaking an untruth under oath in a court of law may go undetected . But the internal recording will be read when you are judged in the COURT OF LAW above and punishments decided before being pushed back to earth for the next birth.

SO THINK THRICE BEFORE SPEAKING , IF YOU WISH TO SPEAK ONLY THE TRUTH AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH.

Speaking untruth gives some vicarious pleasure. Speaking a truth at wrong situation gives pleasure for an egostic person and to the listener. Hence speak the truth only when it generates pleasantness ALL ROUND.

A TRUTH BETTER BE WITHELD IF IT CAUSES UNPLEASANTNESS, UNLESS WHEN YOU ARE IN A COURT OF LAW OR SITUATION DEMANDS IT.